Programming Dictionary
364 plain-language definitions of programming terms and concepts.
- *args and **kwargs
- #include / header
- A* search
- Abstraction
- ACID
- Activation function
- ADC
- Adjacency list
- Aggregate function
- Allocatable array
- Amortized analysis
- API
- apply
- Argument
- Array
- Array operations (Fortran)
- Assertion
- Assignment
- Assumed-shape array
- Attention
- Attribute
- auto
- Autograd
- Axis
- Backpropagation
- Backtracking
- Base64
- Batch
- Big-O (time complexity)
- Binary search
- Binary search tree
- Bit mask
- Bit shift
- Black-Scholes
- BLAS
- Bloom filter
- Boolean
- Boolean indexing
- Branch
- Breadth-first search
- Breadth-first search (BFS)
- Breakpoint
- Broadcasting
- Brute force
- Cardinality
- CASE expression
- CAST
- Checksum
- Class
- Closure
- CMake
- COALESCE
- Column
- Command line
- Commit
- Common table expression (CTE)
- Compiler
- Concatenate
- Concurrency
- Conditional (if / else)
- Confidence interval
- const
- Constructor
- Constructor initializer list
- contains (Fortran)
- Context manager (with)
- Convexity
- Convolution
- Convolution kernel
- Coordinate frame
- Copy constructor
- Correlation
- Covariance
- Cross-entropy
- Cross-site scripting
- CSV
- Dangling pointer
- Data type
- Database normalization
- DataFrame (pandas)
- DataFrame index
- Datetime
- Deadlock
- Debounce
- Debugging
- Decorator
- Default argument
- Dependency
- Dependency injection
- Depth-first search
- Depth-first search (DFS)
- Deque
- Derivative control
- Derived type
- Deserialization
- Destructor
- Dict / set comprehension
- Dictionary attack
- Digital signature
- Dijkstra's algorithm
- DISTINCT
- Divide and conquer
- do loop (Fortran)
- Docstring
- Dot product
- Dropout
- dtype
- Duration
- Dynamic programming
- Eigenvalue
- Elemental procedure
- Embedding
- Encapsulation
- Encoder
- Endianness
- Entropy
- enum class
- enumerate & zip
- Environment variable
- Epoch
- Estimator
- Euler method
- EXCEPT
- Exception (error handling)
- Expression
- f-string
- Feature
- FFT
- File I/O
- Finite difference
- Finite-state machine
- Floating-point & integer division
- Foreign key
- Fourier transform
- Function
- Function (Fortran)
- Garbage collection
- Generator
- Git
- GPIO
- Gradient
- Gradient descent
- Graph
- Greedy algorithm
- GROUP BY
- groupby (pandas)
- Hash function
- Hash map
- Hash set
- HAVING
- Header guard
- Heap
- Heap memory
- Hexadecimal
- HMAC
- HTTP
- HTTP header
- HTTP status code
- Hypothesis test
- Idempotent
- Immutability
- implicit none (Fortran)
- Import
- Index (database)
- Inference
- Inheritance
- Instance
- Integral control
- intent (Fortran)
- Interface
- Interface block
- Internal rate of return
- Interrupt
- INTERSECT
- ISR
- Iterator
- JOIN
- JSON
- Key derivation function
- kind (precision)
- Kinematics
- L1 regularization
- L2 regularization
- Label
- Lambda (anonymous function)
- LAPACK
- Learning rate
- Library
- LIMIT
- Linear regression
- Linear system
- Linked list
- Linker
- List comprehension
- Logging
- Logistic regression
- Loop
- Loss function
- main function
- Makefile
- map
- Mask
- Materialized view
- Matrix
- Matrix multiplication
- Mean squared error
- Melt
- Memoization
- Memory leak
- Merge
- merge (pandas)
- Merge sort
- Method
- Minibatch
- Missing value
- Module (Fortran)
- Monte Carlo
- Move constructor
- Move semantics
- Mutable vs immutable
- Mutex
- namespace
- Net present value
- Neural network
- Newton's method
- Normalization
- Notebook
- NULL
- NULLIF
- Numerical integration
- NumPy array (ndarray)
- Object
- Occupancy grid
- Odometry
- OFFSET
- One-hot encoding
- OpenMP
- Operator overloading
- ORDER BY
- Overfitting
- p-value
- Package
- Packet
- Parameter vs argument
- Parsing
- PID controller
- pip
- Pipeline
- Pivot table
- Pointer
- Polymorphism
- Pooling
- Port
- Primary key
- Priority queue
- Program unit (Fortran)
- Proportional control
- Public-key cryptography
- Pull request
- Pure procedure
- PWM
- Quaternion
- Query plan
- Queue (FIFO)
- Quicksort
- Race condition
- RAII
- Random walk
- Range-based for
- real64
- Recursion
- Reduction
- Reference
- Register
- Regular expression
- Regular expression
- Regularization
- ReLU
- REPL
- Resampling
- Reshape
- REST API
- RESULT clause
- Return
- Rolling window
- Root finding
- Row
- Runge-Kutta method
- Salt
- Schema
- Scope
- Segment tree
- Segmentation fault
- SELECT
- Serialization
- Series (pandas)
- Set
- Shape
- Shell
- Sigmoid
- Slicing
- Sliding window
- Smart pointer
- Softmax
- Sorting
- Space complexity
- SQL injection
- Stack (LIFO)
- Stack memory
- Standard deviation
- Standardization
- State machine
- Statement
- static keyword
- static_cast
- std::array
- std::map / std::unordered_map
- std::optional
- std::pair
- std::sort
- std::string
- std::vector
- struct vs class
- Subquery
- Subroutine vs function
- Symmetric encryption
- Table
- Target variable
- TCP
- Template
- Thread
- Time complexity
- Timezone
- Tokenization
- Topological sort
- Train-test split
- Transaction
- Transformer
- Translation unit
- Transpose
- Tree
- Trie
- Tuple
- Two pointers
- Type hint
- UDP
- Undefined behavior
- UNION
- UNION ALL
- Union-find
- Unit test
- Validation
- Validation set
- Variable
- Variance
- Version control
- View
- Virtual environment
- Virtual function (polymorphism)
- volatile
- WHERE
- Window frame
- Window function
- Yield to maturity